簡述校平機的系統發展趨勢與發展形勢簡介

當校平機電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)開始(shi)減(jian)速時(shi)(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)處于(yu)循環發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)狀態(tai)，傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)體系中所儲存(cun)的(de)呆板能(neng)(neng)變(bian)成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)并(bing)經(jing)變(bian)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中的(de)逆(ni)變(bian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)回饋到直(zhi)流側(ce)。此時(shi)(shi)的(de)逆(ni)變(bian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)處于(yu)整流狀態(tai)，中間(jian)回路(lu)的(de)濾波電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)會因(yin)汲取這(zhe)部門能(neng)(neng)量而(er)(er)提高(gao)，孕育產生(sheng)泵生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)。當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)值高(gao)出(chu)上限(xian)值約690V時(shi)(shi)，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)單元(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)導通，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流流過與濾波電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)并(bing)聯(lian)的(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻，從而(er)(er)將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)變(bian)成熱能(neng)(neng)斲(zhuo)喪(sang)失(shi)，泵生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)隨之降(jiang)落，待到設(she)定下(xia)限(xian)值約680V時(shi)(shi)斷(duan)開。連(lian)續采樣(yang)泵生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)單元(yuan)將重復導通和制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)止(zhi)，使體系完(wan)成動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。在(zai)此進(jin)(jin)程中，IPC-DR型(xing)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)單元(yuan)和配套的(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻功(gong)不行(xing)沒：它接(jie)納自動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)跟蹤要領，應(ying)聲時(shi)(shi)間(jian)在(zai)1ms以下(xia)，舉措(cuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)為直(zhi)流690V，誤差2V，體現非(fei)常精彩。在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)進(jin)(jin)入爬行(xing)階段的(de)進(jin)(jin)程中，當變(bian)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率(lv)(lv)低于(yu)DC制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)舉措(cuo)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率(lv)(lv)時(shi)(shi)，變(bian)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)將啟動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)DC制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)成果，向(xiang)異(yi)步電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)的(de)定子線圈注入直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，孕育產生(sheng)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)態(tai)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)（DynamicBrake）結(jie)果。此時(shi)(shi)，輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)將漸(jian)漸(jian)降(jiang)落到DC制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)。顛末短暫延長，開始(shi)DC制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)舉措(cuo)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)計時(shi)(shi)。這(zhe)時(shi)(shi)變(bian)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)輸出(chu)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率(lv)(lv)降(jiang)為零，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)的(de)定子磁場制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)止(zhi)旋轉，轉動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)著的(de)轉子切割靜(jing)止(zhi)的(de)直(zhi)流磁場而(er)(er)孕育產生(sheng)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)轉矩，體系因(yin)而(er)(er)準確停(ting)車。校平(ping)機(ji)(ji)與DC制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)相干的(de)變(bian)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)參數設(she)置(zhi)如下(xia)：設(she)定“DC制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)舉措(cuo)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率(lv)(lv)”Pr.10為0.8Hz；“DC制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)舉措(cuo)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)”Pr.11為0.3s；“DC制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)”因(yin)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)是變(bian)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)的(de)緣故，Pr.12設(she)為2%。

校(xiao)平機伺服(fu)系統的發展趨勢如(ru)下(xia)：

1、網絡化

環球上以工(gong)業局(ju)域網(wang)技(ji)術為基礎的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)廠自動化工(gong)程(cheng)技(ji)術在較(jiao)近十年來了(le)長足的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展，為適應這一(yi)發(fa)展趨勢，交流伺服系統(tong)(tong)也應具(ju)(ju)有(you)標準的(de)(de)(de)串行(xing)通信(xin)接(jie)口(kou)(kou)（如RS-232）和的(de)(de)(de)局(ju)域網(wang)接(jie)口(kou)(kou)，以增強其與(yu)其它控(kong)制設備(bei)間的(de)(de)(de)互聯(lian)能(neng)力，只需要一(yi)根電(dian)纜或(huo)光纜，就可(ke)(ke)以將(jiang)數(shu)臺(tai)、甚至數(shu)十臺(tai)伺服單元(yuan)與(yu)上位(wei)計算(suan)機連接(jie)成(cheng)為整個數(shu)控(kong)系統(tong)(tong)。現(xian)(xian)場總(zong)線企(qi)業網(wang)作為今(jin)后控(kong)制系統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展方向，以其所(suo)具(ju)(ju)有(you)的(de)(de)(de)開放性，網(wang)絡(luo)化等優點，使它與(yu)INTRENET的(de)(de)(de)結合成(cheng)為可(ke)(ke)能(neng)，現(xian)(xian)在許多(duo)新的(de)(de)(de)伺服產品都具(ju)(ju)有(you)現(xian)(xian)場總(zong)線接(jie)口(kou)(kou)。

2、交流化

目(mu)前環球市場上(shang)，幾乎所(suo)有的(de)(de)新產(chan)(chan)品都是(shi)交流(liu)(liu)伺(si)服(fu)系(xi)統，在國(guo)內生產(chan)(chan)交流(liu)(liu)伺(si)服(fu)電機廠家也越來越多。交流(liu)(liu)伺(si)服(fu)驅動(dong)(dong)系(xi)統存在的(de)(de)主要問(wen)(wen)題是(shi)交流(liu)(liu)伺(si)服(fu)驅動(dong)(dong)系(xi)統的(de)(de)低速(su)(su)穩定性問(wen)(wen)題，它(ta)是(shi)制約(yue)速(su)(su)度控(kong)制特性的(de)(de)主要問(wen)(wen)題，而提(ti)高速(su)(su)度的(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)態響應，降低轉速(su)(su)波動(dong)(dong)，速(su)(su)度的(de)(de)控(kong)制特性是(shi)伺(si)服(fu)驅動(dong)(dong)控(kong)制的(de)(de)主要目(mu)標。

3、小型化

目(mu)前，校平(ping)機(ji)伺(si)服(fu)(fu)系統(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般將整(zheng)個(ge)控制(zhi)回路裝在(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)臺(tai)現場(chang)儀表里(li)，將伺(si)服(fu)(fu)電機(ji)，現場(chang)儀表控制(zhi)器安裝為一(yi)(yi)(yi)體。伺(si)服(fu)(fu)系統(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)體化(hua)，使得(de)它的(de)安裝與調試工作都(dou)了(le)(le)簡化(hua)；將整(zheng)個(ge)控制(zhi)回路裝在(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)臺(tai)現場(chang)儀表里(li)，又減少了(le)(le)因信號傳輸(shu)中的(de)泄(xie)露和(he)干擾等(deng)因素對系統(tong)的(de)影(ying)響，提高了(le)(le)系統(tong)的(de)性。而(er)且新型的(de)伺(si)服(fu)(fu)控制(zhi)系統(tong)己經開始(shi)使用(yong)智能控制(zhi)功(gong)率模(mo)塊(kuai)IPM，這種器件(jian)將輸(shu)入(ru)隔離(li)、能耗(hao)制(zhi)動、過(guo)溫、過(guo)壓、過(guo)流保(bao)護及故障診(zhen)斷等(deng)功(gong)能全(quan)部(bu)集成在(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)不大的(de)模(mo)塊(kuai)之中。它的(de)應用(yong)顯著地簡化(hua)了(le)(le)伺(si)服(fu)(fu)單元的(de)設計，并實現了(le)(le)伺(si)服(fu)(fu)系統(tong)的(de)小型化(hua)和(he)微型化(hua)。

4、智能化

智能(neng)化(hua)(hua)是當前全部工業控制設備(bei)的(de)(de)流行(xing)趨勢，新數(shu)字化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)伺(si)服控制單元通常都設計為智能(neng)型產品，它(ta)們的(de)(de)智能(neng)化(hua)(hua)特點表(biao)現在以(yi)下幾個(ge)方面(mian)：首先他(ta)們都具(ju)有(you)(you)參(can)數(shu)記憶功(gong)能(neng)，系統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)所有(you)(you)運行(xing)參(can)數(shu)都可(ke)以(yi)通過(guo)(guo)人機對話(hua)的(de)(de)方式用軟(ruan)件來(lai)設置，保存在伺(si)服單元內(nei)部，通過(guo)(guo)通信接口，這些參(can)數(shu)可(ke)以(yi)在運行(xing)途中(zhong)由上位計算(suan)機加以(yi)修(xiu)改(gai)；其次(ci)它(ta)們都具(ju)有(you)(you)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)自診斷(duan)與(yu)分析功(gong)能(neng)，當系統(tong)(tong)出現故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)，它(ta)會將故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)的(de)(de)類型以(yi)及可(ke)能(neng)引(yin)起故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)的(de)(de)原(yuan)因通過(guo)(guo)用戶界清楚顯(xian)示出來(lai)，這就(jiu)簡(jian)化(hua)(hua)了維(wei)修(xiu)與(yu)調試(shi)的(de)(de)復雜性；有(you)(you)的(de)(de)校(xiao)平機伺(si)服系統(tong)(tong)還(huan)具(ju)有(you)(you)參(can)數(shu)自整(zheng)定的(de)(de)功(gong)能(neng)。

校(xiao)平機(ji)(ji)任何機(ji)(ji)械(xie)設備(bei)，除了在設計上(shang)(shang)合理以外，在制造(zao)(zao)上(shang)(shang)還要求，而中國制造(zao)(zao)業在這(zhe)方面是(shi)(shi)欠(qian)缺的(de)(de)(de)，除此(ci)之外，制造(zao)(zao)工藝也是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)個薄弱的(de)(de)(de)環節，制造(zao)(zao)分(fen)切(qie)(qie)的(de)(de)(de)設備(bei)，除了一(yi)(yi)些通用的(de)(de)(de)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)外，還需(xu)要有(you)一(yi)(yi)些制造(zao)(zao)金屬分(fen)條(tiao)機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)設備(bei)，如動平衡機(ji)(ji)、水切(qie)(qie)割機(ji)(ji)等，因金屬分(fen)條(tiao)機(ji)(ji)制造(zao)(zao)精度(du)要求高，所以，一(yi)(yi)些設備(bei)需(xu)要用數(shu)控機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)來加(jia)工零部件，特別是(shi)(shi)有(you)主要普及(ji)使用機(ji)(ji)械(xie)加(jia)工中心，這(zhe)樣所制造(zao)(zao)出金屬分(fen)條(tiao)機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)設備(bei)加(jia)工精度(du)才能從根本(ben)上(shang)(shang)。

在我國校(xiao)平機現在的(de)(de)發展形式大不如從前，現在生(sheng)產的(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)切(qie)設備自動化(hua)水(shui)(shui)平還停留在中下水(shui)(shui)平，雖說國內控制(zhi)原器件的(de)(de)運用已(yi)非常(chang)普及，價(jia)格(ge)也比(bi)較低(di)廉，但國內金屬(shu)(shu)分(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)機廠家在使用的(de)(de)上(shang)遠遠落(luo)后于發達國度(du)水(shui)(shui)平，特別是在控制(zhi)系統上(shang)與金屬(shu)(shu)分(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)機的(de)(de)結構、和所(suo)分(fen)(fen)切(qie)的(de)(de)物料(liao)上(shang)缺(que)乏(fa)的(de)(de)結合，在這(zhe)個(ge)層(ceng)面上(shang)講(jiang)，國產金屬(shu)(shu)分(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)機絕大多數還停留在粗線條(tiao)(tiao)上(shang)，還沒(mei)有更(geng)深入領會金屬(shu)(shu)分(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)機控制(zhi)系統的(de)(de)嚴密性和合理性。國內金屬(shu)(shu)分(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)機廠家應(ying)從以上(shang)幾(ji)個(ge)方向著(zhu)手，尋找出即符合金屬(shu)(shu)分(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)機控制(zhi)分(fen)(fen)切(qie)原理，又能大限度(du)的(de)(de)使用好硬件所(suo)提供的(de)(de)功(gong)能的(de)(de)辦法。